System of spray of plasma of tall usefulness supersonic speed reachs his to apply

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[summary] the key that technology of spray of supersonic speed plasma is domain of technology of current thermal spraying develops one of way. Because have blaze to shed temperature rate of tall, efflux is rapid wait for a characteristic, technology of spray of supersonic speed plasma is almost OK spray any pulverous material, and can the coating that preparation gives high quality, especially the coating of pottery and porcelain of high quality. The system realized the spray of has own intellectual property plasma of tall usefulness supersonic speed that proper motion of cavalry project institute develops successfully low power (discharge of ＜ 80KW) , persnickety body (the supersonic speed plasma below ＜ 5m3/h) spray, its each function target is apparent excel abroad congener product. Technology of spray of plasma of tall usefulness supersonic speed reachs the main field such as aerospace to having wide applied perspective in national defence, industry, already became high-tech maintenance, make the crucial technology with reproducing. Thermal spraying technology is spray material (powder or filar material) send a person some kind of heat source (electric arc. Combustion blaze, plasma) in heat to better melt position, a kind of technology that uses high speed efflux or air current to form its eject coating to matrix surface. Thermal spraying technology appears the earliest at the Switzerland of 20 centuries initial stage. Nearly hundred years come, reach the application of new technology as the development of the development of all sorts of thermal spraying equipment, new thermal spraying material, the quality of thermal spraying coating gets rising ceaselessly. Especially after technology of spray of 40 time plasma produces 20 centuries, thermal spraying technology applies extensively already at each domains such as military affairs, aerospace, spin, mechanical, electric power and biology project. As the development of high-tech, coating of modern industry requirement more compact, intensity taller, dependability is better. And the fused degree that strength of the compact sex of coating, union and dependability rely on eject frit to drip greatly and speed, then high-energy, high speed and efficient spray made the main development way of technology of current domestic and international thermal spraying. Spray of plasma of alleged supersonic speed is to use what when arc mixes with high speed air current, blame move plasma appears " patulous arc " , blaze shedding undertakes the supersonic speed plasma that gets stabilizing gathering the method of spray. With the common plasma spray, explosion spray, other spray such as high speed flame spraying technical photograph is compared, spray of supersonic speed plasma holds blaze concurrently to shed temperature to be mixed high the good point with particle flight sharp speed, temperature of plasma arc center can amount to 32000K, particle speed can achieve 400 ～ 800m/s. It is pottery and porcelain of all sorts of high melting point, difficult that spray of supersonic speed plasma suits spray particularly the spray material such as frit metal and cermet, compact sex, obdurability and combinative strength have acquisition coating to rise significantly. One, United States of domestic and international current situation from 20 centuries 80 time metaphase takes the lead in throwing research, to 80 time later period, the to technology of spray of supersonic speed plasma research on international still is in start level. American Browning company rolled out system of spray of plasma of experiment research supersonic speed 1986 (P1azJet) , company of TAFA of United States of 90 time metaphase the system of spray of supersonic speed plasma Browning company (P1azJet) is commercialized, increased spray power further, represented at that time the advanced level of the world. It is to pass air system discharge (the pneumatic force of 21m3/h) raises efflux rate, with high-power (the value of enough heat total heat that 270KW) assures efflux. Train of thought of this kind of design caused energy to waste big, energy changeover rate is low, and spray cost is higher, restricted its promotion to apply. 1997, city of Zhuo of our country Heibei introduced (P1azJet) system. Use proof, this system is on spray speed and spray quality rise apparently than having with photograph of groovy plasma spray. But because gas and power wastage are big, moving cost rises substantially, because this does not fit the actual national condition of our country. Key laboratory of science and technology of national defence of technology of reproducing of equipment of cavalry project institute points the development forward position of technology of international thermal spraying, development of proper motion of combinative home situation succeeded the system of spray of plasma of tall usefulness supersonic speed of discharge of low power, persnickety body (HEPJet) . The support that broke through a tradition raises power and aeriform discharge to obtain the means of supersonic speed efflux; Put forward to be below condition of flow of low power, persnickety body first the design train of thought of efflux of plasma of implementation supersonic speed; Invented gun of spray of plasma of tall usefulness supersonic speed; In take the lead in domestic and internationally developing a high-power (80kw) , tall voltage (power source of spray of plasma of 200V) inversion type; Deployed advanced spray process automation, breakdown to monitor control ark automatically. This system is had apparent Promethean, novel sex and practical, the L/3 of its price and the system of spray of plasma of PlazJet high-energy high speed that moving cost is American TAFA company only. System of spray of plasma of tall usefulness supersonic speed (the development of HEPJet) is successful, after making our country becomes afterwards United States the 2nd country that can produce system of spray of plasma of whole set supersonic speed, fill the blank that our country makes equipment of spray of supersonic speed plasma independently, lead preexistence to turn this system domestic and internationally the forward position that uses to the project. And the development level that raised technology of our country thermal spraying, it is my army the exterior engineering that contemporary weaponry provided high-tech and green reproducing method, have major martial benefit and economic benefits, applied perspective is wide. This system is overall achieve international advanced level, its core technology -- time of dependency of spray gun of plasma of tall usefulness supersonic speed is lead. Obtained national defence to invent patent, patent date: 01101077.

0. Won first prize of progress of science and technology of horse and foot 2002, obtained national science and technology to progress 2003 second-class award. 2, system of spray of plasma of tall usefulness supersonic speed (HEPJet)1. The system comprises HEPJet system to basically include: Core component -- spray gun of supersonic speed plasma, HEPJ - control of power source of spray of plasma of Ⅱ inversion type, PLC process and status place are monitored and call the police heat exchanger, screw drives pattern of refrigeration of refrigeration of control ark, loop type powder feeder and water and electricity. If pursue,1 is shown. 2. Systematic characteristic (the thought that discharge of system of the support high-power with 1) traditional breakthrough, air will come to to obtain supersonic speed efflux, science applies single positive pole to help technology of spray pipe of cut down Er, use the structure of discharge of the low power that provides distinguishing feature alone, persnickety body to design, the efflux of supersonic speed plasma of high energy density, tall stability got below inferior specific power consumption. (2) collects machinery of in order to to compress give priority to, pneumatic force is compressed for complementary efflux accelerates plan, reduced aeriform flow. Application helps technology of spray pipe of cut down Er, support is initiative to electric arc paragraph the immigrate before compressing effect strongly to force zincous stain spins electric arc, realize the acceleration of pair of electric arc section thereby. The dual zincous structure that broke through a tradition chases class to spin the electric arc, method that quickens to blaze shedding area only. Captured nozzle of the Er that draw attack face makes the difficult problem that cooks spray head zincous and easily directly, improved the working stability of nozzle and service life. (3) is used inside structure sending pink, can send plasma blaze the high temperature division that shed spray powder directly. Relatively current domestic and international general outside the powder that exists below means sending pink heats not all, deposit efficiency is low problem, raised utilization rate of plasma arc heat energy effectively, improved pulverous fused condition, raised coating deposit to lead, better land was solved common inside the easy silence sb of spray gun sending pink, technology difficult problem that sticks the mouth. (Suitable scope of voltage of job of 4) spray gun is broad (60 ～ 220V) , can use different working gas sort (A R, N2, Ar+H, reach N: + H2) . Those who pass pair of report parameter and aeriform discharge is reasonable match, the big range that can realize plasma efflux to heat up enthalpy and speed adjusts, contented spray is different the need of performance data. But the coating of oxide pottery and porcelain of preparation high melting point, cermet coating, commonly used from fusion gold coating and easily the carbide coating that high temperature loses carbon, have range of comfortable cutting of the feet of very broad material suitable scope and Ding Yi. (5) but for many times the cathode head design that repair uses and clearance of shade positive pole adjust function, it is the function that spray gun of plasma of existing supersonic speed and place of common plasma spray gun do not have and characteristic. (Structure of 6) gun system is reasonable, have bulk little weight light, but maintainability and maneuverability are strong wait for a characteristic, can come true conveniently hold and machine outfit works two kinds of functions. 3, the typical coating of preparation of system of spray of plasma of tall usefulness supersonic speed 1. Because coating of pottery and porcelain of Al2O3 coating Al2O3 has good tree to grind gender, hear resistance, be able to bear or endure corrode sex, and} oxidisability and insulating property, be used as heat insolation extensively coating, insulation coating and be able to bear or endure sliding friction wears away coating. Current, collect commonly plain Al2O3 of preparation of plasma spray craft, coating of pottery and porcelain. As a result of Al2O3, pulverous melting point tall, proportion is small, kai this preparation gives the Al2O3 coating with superior performance is a difficulty problem all the time. Tall efficiency wades blaze of system of sonic plasma spray flows more rainbow of speed of concentration, efflux is fast, it is the Al2O3 with the superior performance that make an arrow, besmear actors or actress very chosen technical technique. Use the SprayWatch-2iCCD that introduces from Finland the online system that monitor is right the particle speed in efflux of supersonic speed plasma, temperature undertakes monitoring. The average rate of the particle in spray Al2O3 achieves 650m/s, average temperature amounts to 3150 ℃ left and right sides, if pursue,2 are shown. If the graph is shown 3 times, the Al2O3 coating that uses preparation of system of spray of plasma of tall usefulness supersonic speed has particle fused position is good, be out of shape sufficient, coating is very compact, wait for exceedingly good characteristic without statified, crackle and the hole that make show. Use gray scale law to measure coating hole rate to be only 0.

86% , in Ⅱ MT-3 model microscopical what measure so that coating suppress breaks on sclerometer is microscopical hardness HV0.

3 achieve 1000 above on average. 2. WC-Co coating WC-Co is material of alloy of sumptuous dam just, because WC-Co coating has very tall hardness and good obdurability, flame spraying of commonly used supersonic speed and explosive spray preparation exceed hard (1200 ～ 1400HV0.

2) wear-resisting besmears with. Method of these two kinds of spray spends tall, temperature as a result of blaze velocity of flow inferior, can go effect ground reduces WC to decompose a phenomenon mediumly in spray process, it is the technique with preparation WC-Co more commonly used coating. Use craft of groovy plasma spray to undertake spray, because plasma efflux temperature is high, WC pink Mu Yi happens oxidation, decarbonization and burn caustic, cause coating function to reduce. And use tall efficiency to exceed system of spray of supersonic speed plasma (HEPJet) , can be in the value heating up enthalpy of efflux of plasma of bigger range adjusting control, add efflux speed to rise considerably, WC-Co particle shortens in the retention period in efflux, the oxidation of coating compares groovy plasma spray to be reduced greatly with the problem that break carbon, the density of coating brings hardness to also rise considerably. Mix at supersonic speed flame spraying relatively explosive spray method, the deposit rate of coating and spray efficiency rise considerably, integrated cost is reduced significantly, the degree that Tu Yishou oxidizes also is reduced somewhat. The graph is shown 4 times for WC-Co particle the speed in blaze shedding, temperature state diagram. The average rate of indication particle amounts to 420m/s, average temperature amounts to 2600 ℃ . If the graph is shown 5 times, the WC-Co coating particle that using spray of plasma of tall usefulness supersonic speed is preparation is out of shape sufficient, coating is even, very compact, without statified, crackle and clear small opening. Graph the 6 XRD diffractive a collection of illustrative plates that are WC-Co coating. From integral diffraction the curve looks, the WC photograph of coating keeps in good condition, the proof shoots those who shed speed to rise to restraining WC decompose and oxidation effect is apparent. Use gray scale law to measure coating hole rate to be only 0.

66% , in Ⅱ MT-3 model microscopical the HV0 of the hardness that show badge that measures coating is sectionally on sclerometer.

3 achieve 1:3 on average00 above. 3. Coating of heat barrier of coating of successive gradient heat barrier (Thermal Barrier Coatings, TBCs) is domain of technology of current thermal spraying studies level of most, application is top, also be to have a few kinds a few when expand latent capacity most most one of coat that mushroom wants. The powder of pottery and porcelain of much brilliant ZrO2 that chooses Y2O3 compound stability and NiCoCrAlY alloyed powder art, according to spray of plasma of tall usefulness supersonic speed inside characteristic sending pink, developed two pink sends inside the road, carry the metal with the pottery and porcelain with high melting point and low melting point to come respectively of plasma efflux small be the same as lukewarm area " double passageway, double lukewarm area " special spray gun, when better land solved TBCs of gradient of common plasma spray, pottery and porcelain of existence of high melting point " rawish " exist with alloy of low melting point " cross frit " difficult problem. Obtained constituent of pottery and porcelain and metallic constituent respective good and fused, the CG-TBCs of system of coating of successive gradient heat barrier that shows even gradient to divide gal along coating ply direction. If the graph is shown 7 times, with " double passageway, double lukewarm area " spray of plasma of tall usefulness supersonic speed (the CG of HEPJ) preparation, TBCs coating silicon is gotten very collect is close, even, photograph of pottery and porcelain (White Area) with alloy photograph (grey area) mutual cascade crisscross, realized direction of edge coating ply to show even successive gradient to distributing, whole CG-TBCs system does not look to give apparent macroscopical interface. The machine of thermal shock experiment that uses the development of proper motion of fierce check fist that the graph shows 8 times, undertook to CGTBCs sample 1200 ℃ heat hardening thermal shock experiments. After circulating via 200 thermal shock, make an appointment with the CG-TBCs coating with thick 1mm to be in only most the pure contented enamel coating of surface layer (0.

2 ～ 0.

3mm) formed a few meshy micro-crack (like the graph 9 show) , show superior heatproof shake performance. 4, system of spray of plasma of supersonic speed of applied tall usefulness (range of HEPJ) spray material is wide, coating organizes compact, hole rate is minor, as tall as matrix union strength, solved a lot of important equipment precious component goes cannot the difficult problem with repair or brief service life. As a result of its outstanding characteristic, unit of domestic much home is ordered of purpose choose. Product line of reproducing of engine of the 6456th factory chooses the the Chinese People's Liberation Army this system regards reproducing as crucial technology, xi'an traffic university chooses this to cover a system to be used at scientific research experiment. Spray of plasma of tall usefulness supersonic speed (HEPJ) system is sure to get applied extensively in more domain. 1. Heat barrier coating as stand for war the dynamical system that car of naval vessel of tank, ship, amphibious equips (like high-power derv internal-combustion engine, burn gas or smoke turbine) Xiang Gaogong rate, tall efficiency, high reliability and macrobian destiny direction develop, its heat up upright job component (direct like lid of annulus of piston, piston, cylinder bushing, crock, vent-pipe and turbine blade) will endure more astringent high temperature, tall stress and ocean environment (C1-1) and complex burn gas (S, SO2, SO3, V, K and Na) , traditional material already satisfied the requirement of this kind of operating mode hard, often be in far fall under the condition that maintains life normally, create inchoate injury, be no longer in force, affect the fighting capacity of equipment badly. The application of heat barrier coating can drop temperature of alloy of engine high temperature, can raise the dependability of engine substantially not only, and managing below same thrust condition fuel. For this, from 20 centuries since 50 time, in get domestic and internationally wide attention and development. Current, the system of heat barrier coating that by the metal combinative layer and zirconia pottery and porcelain make (TBCs) has been in aviation engine and gas turbine won success application. However, heat barrier coating falls off in what use process lieutenant general produces zirconia coating and invalidation, cause life finite. This lab uses domestic and international original creation " double passageway, double lukewarm area " new technology of spray of supersonic speed plasma, successful preparation gives the coating of successive gradient heat barrier with superior performance (CG-TBC S) , coating interior alloy and composition of pottery and porcelain change continuously, without apparent inside interface, the heatproof shake function of coating promotes substantially. 2. Wear-resisting, high temperature resistant roller of coating rows of tiles on a roof comparatives in the use scale of papermaking course of study big, because manufacturing process is medium, the just ages coping that clench the teeth participates in below weigh and channel ministry a paragraph of very little scope, relative sliding ratio is very old, root of tine top tine wears away quite serious. The limit already was developed on the choice that making material at present, but the roller of rows of tiles on a roof that discards as useless to wearing away through coating of WC-Co of spray of plasma of tall usefulness supersonic speed undertakes repair, sclerosis and wearability are handled, the function of roller of rows of tiles on a roof that can make reproducing is handled exceeds new. And craft is simple, cost is low, repair cost is the 1/2 ～ L/3 that tastes newly only. Roller of all sorts of high temperature furnace that steelworks uses, to improve the performance of caustic of high temperature resistant, wear-resisting of roller, use coating of pottery and porcelain of preparation of thermal spraying method normally, at present high temperature paragraph (be more than 850 ℃ ) the coating of roller surface still counts an import greatly. Home uses coating of preparation of explosive spray technology normally, but efficiency of this technology spray is too low. If use technology of spray of plasma of tall usefulness supersonic speed, spray efficiency can raise 5 ～ than explosive spray technology 6 times, coating quality and explosive spray comparative, and OK still the coating of pottery and porcelain of high temperature wear-resisting that spray explosion spray has without legal system. 5, technology of spray of plasma of supersonic speed of epilogue tall usefulness (HEPJ) , have specific power consumption Fan Tongan of material of low, spray, pulverous deposit efficiency reachs amiable bad news high coating quality is good wait for an advantage, can preparation gives performance exceedingly good wear-resisting, be able to bear or endure the coating such as corrode and heat barrier, already waited for main field to have wide application in national defence, industry and aerospace. Technology of spray of plasma of tall usefulness supersonic speed (the exterior aggrandizement that HEPJ) is an advanced, efficient, high quality in reproducing technology and repair technology, arose to promote action actively to promoting the whole of technology of our country thermal spraying the standard. CNC Milling CNC Machining